Following the terrorist attacks on New York City and Washington, D.C. in 2001, President George W. Bush announced a need to develop a national strategy for homeland security. At that time, there were at least 40 federal agencies with responsibilities for homeland security activities.  The Homeland Security Act (2002) created the Department of Homeland Security which was to be the overall agency in charge of protecting the American homeland which would provide a more unified homeland security structure.

Homeland security also involves citizens being prepared as well as ensuring that businesses are prepared and secure.  Citizen Corps brings together government and community leaders with a goal to involve citizens in all-hazards emergency preparedness and resilience.